Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

List England Dep	Derbyshire RegC

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	79,757
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	559
(1) Officers of National Government	196
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	10
Post Office	140
Inland Revenue	44
Customs	1
Government Messengers, Workmen	0
Dockyard Artificers	0
Other Govt.	1
(2) Officers of Local Government	359
Magistrate	26
Police	198
Prison Officer	25
Union and Parish Officer	81
Officer of Local Board	9
Other Local Officers	20
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	4
E. India and Col. Service	4
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	248
(1) Army	214
Army Officer	2
Army Half-pay Officer	13
Soldier	25
Chelsea Pensioner	126
Militia	47
Others	1
(2) Navy	34
Navy Officer	5
Navy Half-pay Officer	7
Seaman, R.N.	1
Royal Marine	6
Greenwich Pensioner	15
Others	0
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,617
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	449
Clergyman	254
Protestant Minister	100
Roman Catholic Priest	19
Other Relig. Teachers	28
Parish Clerk	24
Other Church Officers	24
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	229
Barrister	11
Solicitor	111
Law Student	0
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	31
Law Clerk	72
Law Stationer	4
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	399
Physician	26
Surgeon, Apothecary	146
Medical Student, Assist.	24
Dentist	12
Druggist	178
Others	13
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	17
Author, Editor, Writer	7
Ors. eng. in Literature	10
(5) Artists	77
Artist, Painter	30
Sculptor	6
Engraver	19
Photographic Artist	22
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	68
Musician	41
Music-master	26
Others	1
(7) Actors, Actresses	20
Actor	5
In Theatres, Exhibitions	15
(8) Teachers	321
Schoolmaster	278
Teacher of Languages	6
Profes. of Mathematics	2
Teacher (General)	24
Teacher of Dancing	3
Other Teachers	8
(9) Scientific Persons	37
Civil Engineer	28
Other Scientific Persons	9
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	106
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	76
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	76
(4) Scholars (so described)	30
Scholar (so described)	30
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	1,946
(1) In Board and Lodging	1,126
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	356
Publican	543
Beerseller	149
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	49
Coffee-house Keeper	2
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	5
Others--Boarding, &c.	22
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	820
Domst. Serv. (General)	335
Coachman	89
Groom	129
Gardener	160
Inn Servant	101
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	1
Others	5
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	988
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	594
Merchant	47
Banker	13
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	9
Stock Broker, &c.	4
Ship Broker, Agent	0
Broker	12
Agent, Factor	71
Coal, Colliery Agent	38
Iron Merchant, Agent	13
Salesman	5
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	31
Accountant	41
Commercial Clerk	222
Commercial Traveller	72
Other Mercantile Men	16
(2) Other General Dealers	394
Pawnbroker	20
Marine-store Dealer	6
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	134
Shopkeeper	55
Hawker, Pedlar	179
Other General Dealers	0
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	2,518
(1) Carriers on Railways	1,116
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	303
Railway Official	307
Railway Servant	483
Railway Police	13
Ors. eng. in	10
(2) Carriers on Roads	760
Toll Collector	62
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	19
Livery Staple Keeper	1
Coachman (not domstc.)	97
Cabman, Flyman	46
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	535
Others	0
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	360
Canal and River Service	43
Bargeman, Waterman	309
Others	8
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	24
Shipowner	1
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	12
Pilot	1
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	3
Wharfinger	5
Others	2
(5) Engaged in Storage	90
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	80
Others in Storage	10
(6) Messengers and Porters	168
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	149
Telegraph Service	16
Others in Messages	3
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	16,569
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	15,670
Land Proprietor	206
Farmer, Grazier	5,234
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	1,367
Farm Bailiff	133
Agricultural Labourer	7,193
Shepherd (out-door)	78
Farm Servant (in-door)	1,349
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	73
Others in Agriculture	37
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	85
Woodman	85
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	814
Gardener	768
Nurseryman	46
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	689
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	689
Horse Dealer	10
Horsebreaker	14
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	283
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	52
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	102
Drover	36
Pig Merchant, Dealer	10
Gamekeeper	150
Vermin Destroyer	17
Fisherman	2
Others about Animals	13
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	9,219
(1) In Books	333
Bookseller, Publisher	71
Bookbinder	52
Printer	185
Newspaper Agent	21
Others in Publications	4
(2) In Musical Instrument	13
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	8
Others	5
(3) In Prints and Pictures	17
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	7
Others	10
(4) In Carving and Figures	18
Wood-carver	2
Others	16
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	13
Toy Maker, Dealer	5
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	8
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	24
Pattern Designer	11
Others	13
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	138
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	119
Optician	9
Weight or Measure Mkr.	8
Others	2
(8) In Surgical Instruments	6
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	3
Others	3
(9) In Arms	15
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	11
Others	4
(10) In Machines	1,589
Eng. and Mach. Maker	958
Spindle-maker	36
Needle manufacture	47
Scissors-maker	3
Tool Maker, Dealer	51
File-maker	25
Saw Smith, Maker	8
Cutler	32
Blade Maker, Forger	21
Knife-maker	15
Razor-maker	4
Others in Tools, Mchns.	389
(11) In Carriages	234
Coachmaker	195
Others	39
(12) In Harness	160
Saddler, Harness-maker	159
Whip-maker	1
(13) In Ships	38
Shipbldr., Shipwright	3
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	1
Boat, Barge,--Builder	26
Sailmaker	7
Others	1
(14) In Houses and Buildings	5,542
House Proprietor	128
House Agent	14
Architect	19
Surveyor	10
Builder	136
Carpenter, Joiner	1,799
Bricklayer	771
Marble Mason	112
Mason, Pavior	1,571
Slater, Tiler	144
Plasterer	199
Paperhanger	2
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	636
Others	1
(15) In Furniture	291
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	197
Undertaker	0
Chair-maker	42
Picture-frame Maker	2
Carver, Gilder	29
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	2
Furniture Broker	19
Others	0
(16) In Implements	582
Wheelwright	461
Millwright	115
Other Implement Mkrs.	6
(17) In Chemicals	206
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	31
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	67
Dyer, Calenderer	74
Others	34
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	13,333
(1) In Wool and Worsted	135
Woolstapler	8
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	68
Clothier	3
Fuller	0
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	5
Worsted manufacture	47
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	0
Others	4
(2) In Silk	1,253
Silk manufacture	1,007
Silk Dyer, Printer	47
Silk Mercer	6
Ribbon manufacture	150
Others	43
(3) In Cotton and Flax	5,542
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	48
Thread manufacture	2
Lace manufacture	492
Cotton manufacture	3,925
Fustian manufacture	2
Muslin manufacture	1
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	795
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	94
Others	183
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	500
Packer and Presser	1
Weaver (undefined)	17
Manchester Warehmn.	1
Draper, Mercer	388
Others	93
(5) In Dress	5,815
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	98
Hatter, Hat manuf.	101
Straw Plait manuf.	6
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	1
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	3
Tailor	1,259
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	21
Button-maker	1
Hose manufacture	1,570
Hosier, Haberdasher	114
Glover, Leather, &c.	24
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	2,370
Patten, Clog,--Maker	27
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	10
Others providing Dress	210
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	88
Mat Maker, Seller	3
Rope, Cord,--Maker	67
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	18
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	3,613
(1) In Animal Food	1,114
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	48
Cheesemonger	38
Butcher, Meat Salesman	890
Provision Curer, Dealer	80
Poulterer, Game Dealer	7
Fishmonger	51
Others	0
(2) In Vegetable Food	975
Corn Merchant, Dealer	69
Miller	353
Flour Dealer, Agent	15
Baker	314
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	88
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	107
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	6
Potato Merchant	10
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	4
Sugar Refiner	1
Others	8
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	1,524
Maltster	143
Brewer, &c.	190
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	41
Distiller, Rectifier	0
Cellarman	9
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	13
Grocer, Tea Dealer	1,052
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	6
Tobacconist	30
Others	40
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	400
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	57
Soap-boiler	4
Tallow-chandler	35
Comb-maker	8
Others	10
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	243
Fellmonger	17
Skinner	12
Tanner	97
Currier	108
Others	9
(3) In Hair	100
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	99
Others	1
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	1,394
(1) In Gums and Resins	20
Oil Miller, Refiner	2
Oil and Colourman	7
French-polisher	9
Japanner	0
Others	2
(2) In Wood	868
Timber Merch., Dealer	80
Wood Dealer	53
Sawyer	391
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	1
Lath-maker	1
Turner	171
Box-maker	4
Cooper	123
Hoop Maker, Bender	3
Others	41
(3) In Bark	20
Cork Cutter, manuf.	20
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	171
Basket-maker	134
Hay and Straw Dealer	24
Thatcher	9
Others	4
(5) In Paper	315
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	57
Paper manufacture	222
Stationer (not Law)	19
Paper-stainer	4
Others Workers in Paper	13
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	21,671
(1) In Mining	10,734
Coal-miner	7,595
Copper-miner	4
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	1,814
Iron-miner	1,044
Others	277
(2) In Coal	722
Coal Merchant, Dealer	260
Coalheaver, Labourer	205
Coke Burner, Dealer	105
Chimney Sweeper	64
Gas Works Service	84
Other Workers in Coal	4
(3) In Stone, Clay	4,711
Stone Quarrier	575
Stone Cutter, Polisher	198
Slate Quarrier	4
Limestone Quar., Burner	311
Clay Labourer	95
Brick Maker, Dealer	491
Railway Labourer	1,924
Platelayer	122
Excavator, Navvy	553
Road Contractor, &c.	13
Road Labourer	227
Scavenger	13
Dust Collector	0
Others	185
(4) In Earthenware	383
Earthenware manuf.	316
Tobacco-pipe Makers	24
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	42
Others	1
(5) In Glass	8
Glass manufacture	6
Other Workers in Glass	2
(6) In Salt	12
Salt manufacture	1
Other Dealers in Salt	11
(7) In Water	16
Waterworks Service	14
Others	2
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	58
Goldsmith, Jeweller	51
Plater, Plated Wareman	1
Others	6
(9) In Copper	9
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	8
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	100
Tin manufacture	0
Tinman, Tinker	46
Tinplate Worker	54
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	4
Zinc manufacture	4
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	116
Lead manufacture	112
Typefounder	0
Others	4
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	284
Brass Founder, manuf.	74
Brazier	57
Locksmith, Bellhanger	13
Gasfitter	39
Wire Maker, Drawer	28
Wire Worker, Weaver	17
Others	56
(14) In Iron and Steel	4,514
Iron manufacture	1,984
Whitesmith	87
Blacksmith	1,284
Nail manufacture	789
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	2
Boiler-maker	172
Ironmonger	60
Hardwareman, Dealer	8
Steel manufacture	56
Grinder (branch undef.)	9
Others	63
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	3,985
(1) General Labourers	3,761
Labourer	3,761
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	224
Mechanic	122
Shopman	4
Apprentice	2
Others of indef. occu.	96
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	169
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	169
Gentleman	92
Annuitant	77
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	147
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	135
Dependent on Relatives	1
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	19
Pauper, no stated occ.	60
Lunatic, no stated occ.	19
Others	36
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	2
Prisoner, no stated occ.	2
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	10
Vagrant, Beggar	7
Gipsy	3
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	586
Visitor, no stated occ.	36
Others of no stated occupation or condition	550

Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.