Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Caernarvonshire RegC	Carnarvon RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	97	8
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	17	2
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	14	2
Prison Service, &c.	4	1
Police	30	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	19	3
Other Local or County Official	12	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	1	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	70	3
Army Officer (effective/retired)	3	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	9	3
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	33	-
Army Pensioner	10	-
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	2	-
Seaman, R.N.	8	-
Navy Pensioner	5	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	303	151
Clergymen (Established Church)	27	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	60	1
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	3	-
Theological Student	3	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	3	1
Barrister, Solicitor	13	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	24	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	20	-
Dentist	7	-
Medical Student, Assistant	11	-
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	3	35
Schoolmaster	79	90
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	1	14
School Service, and others connected with teaching	1	1
Author, Editor, Journalist	9	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	1	-
Civil Engineer	12	-
Mining Engineer	3	-
Painter (artist)	1	-
Architect	3	-
Musician, Music Master	9	5
Art Student	1	1
Photographer	5	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	145	2,762
Domestic Coachman, Groom	40	-
Domestic Gardener	12	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	67	2,473
Inn, Hotel Servant	23	41
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	3
Cook (not domestic)	-	1
Charwoman	-	118
Washing and Bathing Service	-	123
Hospital and Institution Service	-	3
Others engaged in Service	1	-
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	199	5
Merchant	5	1
Broker, Agent, Factor	10	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	7	-
Accountant	18	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	-	1
Commercial Traveller	29	-
Commercial Clerk	105	2
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	16	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	8	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	682	5
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	30	-
Railway Guard	12	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	4	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	77	2
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	2	1
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	1	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	29	1
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	105	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	8	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	6	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	352	-
Pilot	7	-
Ship Steward, Cook	1	-
Boatman on Seas	1	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	19	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	4	-
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	18	-
Telegraph, Telephone Service	5	-
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	1,578	159
Farmer, Grazier	517	93
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	189	-
Farm Bailiff	10	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	779	66
Shepherd	10	-
Agricultural Machine - Proprietor, Attendant	4	-
Woodman	6	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	5	-
Gardener (not domestic)	58	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	89	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	1	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	25	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	6	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	7	-
Gamekeeper	26	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
Fisherman	23	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	131	4
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	19	3
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	2	-
Bookbinder	11	1
Printer	89	-
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	5	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	5	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	128	-
Engine, Machine Maker	11	-
Millwright	3	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	53	-
Boiler Maker	22	-
Saw Maker	2	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	33	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	1	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	803	9
Builder	18	-
Carpenter, Joiner	332	5
Bricklayer	31	-
Mason	226	2
Slater, Tiler	15	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	53	-
Paperhanger	-	1
Plumber	11	-
Painter, Glazier	76	1
Cabinet Maker	36	-
French Polisher	2	-
Gas Fitter	1	-
Carver, Gilder	2	-
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	37	2
Coachmaker	18	2
Wheelwright	4	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	15	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	84	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	7	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	59	-
Mast, Yard, Oar, Block Maker	4	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	2	-
Sail Maker	12	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	24	4
Gunpowder, Guncotton, Explosive Substance Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	23	4
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	1	-
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	1	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	369	180
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	54	16
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	40
Maltster	1	-
Brewer	5	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	-	1
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	4	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	2	4
Cheesemonger, Butterman	4	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	103	7
Provision Curer, Dealer	6	6
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	1
Fishmonger	3	5
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	13	4
Corn Miller	7	1
Baker	39	6
Confectioner, Pastrycook	8	22
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	5	10
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	109	56
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	136	125
Woolstapler	-	1
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	24	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	2	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	5	2
Mat Maker, Seller	4	86
Weaver (undefined)	10	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	-	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	2	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	89	29
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	3
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	388	747
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	1	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	189	4
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	-	710
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	21
Hosiery Manufacture	-	4
Hosier, Haberdasher	-	1
Glover, Glove Maker	1	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	166	5
Patten, Clog Maker	20	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	10	-
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	17	-
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	2	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	8	-
Currier	6	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	30	9
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	5	1
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	2	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	3	1
Sawyer	10	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	4	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	2	-
Paper Manufacture	-	4
Stationer, Law Stationer	1	3
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	5,605	42
Coal Miner	4	-
Copper Miner	31	-
Lead Miner	6	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	17	-
Mine Service	5	-
Coal Merchant	29	7
Coalheaver	1	1
Gas Works Service	11	-
Stone Quarrier	2,222	15
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	33	-
Slate Quarrier	2,742	6
Slate Worker, Dealer	122	1
Limeburner	5	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	22	-
Road Labourer	11	-
Platelayer	69	2
Railway Labourer, Navvy	10	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	9	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	3	-
Salt Maker, Dealer	1	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Others	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	-	1
[Iron Manufacture]	29	-
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	156	3
Whitesmith	1	-
Nail Manufacture	6	1
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	32	4
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	20	1
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	4	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	952	96
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	42	66
Pawnbroker	4	-
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	39	18
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	19	-
Contractor (undefined)	3	-
General Labourer	671	11
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	110	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	52	-
Apprentice (undefined)	1	-
Factory Labourer (undefined)	9	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	2	1
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	11	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	2	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	8	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	295	4,034
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	295	4,034
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	83	3,898
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	3	4
[Blank field, or illegible]	80	3,894

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

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This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)