Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Surrey RegC table	Newington St Mary RegD/PLPar

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	20,980
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	594
(1) Officers of National Government	333
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	108
Post Office	89
Inland Revenue	23
Customs	79
Government Messengers, Workmen	32
Dockyard Artificers	1
Other Govt.	1
(2) Officers of Local Government	251
Magistrate	1
Police	174
Prison Officer	27
Union and Parish Officer	23
Officer of Local Board	1
Other Local Officers	25
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	10
E. India and Col. Service	10
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	107
(1) Army	69
Army Officer	1
Army Half-pay Officer	10
Soldier	18
Chelsea Pensioner	29
Militia	4
Others	7
(2) Navy	38
Navy Officer	4
Navy Half-pay Officer	11
Seaman, R.N.	8
Royal Marine	0
Greenwich Pensioner	11
Others	4
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	1,125
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	84
Clergyman	21
Protestant Minister	26
Roman Catholic Priest	0
Other Relig. Teachers	24
Parish Clerk	4
Other Church Officers	9
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	364
Barrister	3
Solicitor	43
Law Student	5
Other Lawyers	9
Officers of Law Court	33
Law Clerk	252
Law Stationer	19
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	232
Physician	12
Surgeon, Apothecary	62
Medical Student, Assist.	52
Dentist	16
Druggist	86
Others	4
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	60
Author, Editor, Writer	25
Ors. eng. in Literature	35
(5) Artists	132
Artist, Painter	54
Sculptor	4
Engraver	42
Photographic Artist	28
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	4
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	103
Musician	77
Music-master	26
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	35
Actor	19
In Theatres, Exhibitions	16
(8) Teachers	87
Schoolmaster	54
Teacher of Languages	6
Profes. of Mathematics	2
Teacher (General)	11
Teacher of Dancing	5
Other Teachers	9
(9) Scientific Persons	28
Civil Engineer	22
Other Scientific Persons	6
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	52
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	41
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	41
(4) Scholars (so described)	11
Scholar (so described)	11
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	599
(1) In Board and Lodging	279
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	3
Publican	145
Beerseller	65
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	5
Coffee-house Keeper	23
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	30
Others--Boarding, &c.	8
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	320
Domst. Serv. (General)	56
Coachman	24
Groom	2
Gardener	18
Inn Servant	216
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	2
Others	2
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	1,874
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	1,434
Merchant	87
Banker	8
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	36
Stock Broker, &c.	15
Ship Broker, Agent	21
Broker	17
Agent, Factor	90
Coal, Colliery Agent	3
Iron Merchant, Agent	0
Salesman	21
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	19
Accountant	68
Commercial Clerk	772
Commercial Traveller	268
Other Mercantile Men	9
(2) Other General Dealers	440
Pawnbroker	48
Marine-store Dealer	28
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	200
Shopkeeper	28
Hawker, Pedlar	130
Other General Dealers	6
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	1,991
(1) Carriers on Railways	174
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	38
Railway Official	68
Railway Servant	68
Railway Police	0
Ors. eng. in	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	801
Toll Collector	14
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	57
Livery Staple Keeper	6
Coachman (not domstc.)	148
Cabman, Flyman	179
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	389
Others	8
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	37
Canal and River Service	0
Bargeman, Waterman	37
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	239
Shipowner	2
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	83
Pilot	0
Boatman on Seas	0
Dock Servant, Labourer	115
Wharfinger	24
Others	15
(5) Engaged in Storage	269
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	230
Others in Storage	39
(6) Messengers and Porters	471
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	441
Telegraph Service	28
Others in Messages	2
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	160
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	85
Land Proprietor	24
Farmer, Grazier	21
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	0
Farm Bailiff	0
Agricultural Labourer	37
Shepherd (out-door)	1
Farm Servant (in-door)	0
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	2
Others in Agriculture	0
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Woodman	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	75
Gardener	67
Nurseryman	8
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	234
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	234
Horse Dealer	11
Horsebreaker	0
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	139
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	56
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	7
Drover	11
Pig Merchant, Dealer	3
Gamekeeper	1
Vermin Destroyer	0
Fisherman	1
Others about Animals	5
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	4,780
(1) In Books	746
Bookseller, Publisher	75
Bookbinder	114
Printer	518
Newspaper Agent	34
Others in Publications	5
(2) In Musical Instrument	88
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	67
Others	21
(3) In Prints and Pictures	160
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	55
Others	105
(4) In Carving and Figures	45
Wood-carver	26
Others	19
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	47
Toy Maker, Dealer	20
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	27
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	23
Pattern Designer	10
Others	13
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	138
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	58
Optician	26
Weight or Measure Mkr.	27
Others	27
(8) In Surgical Instruments	25
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	20
Others	5
(9) In Arms	26
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	26
Others	0
(10) In Machines	298
Eng. and Mach. Maker	239
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	2
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	10
File-maker	4
Saw Smith, Maker	6
Cutler	12
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	25
(11) In Carriages	152
Coachmaker	146
Others	6
(12) In Harness	94
Saddler, Harness-maker	77
Whip-maker	17
(13) In Ships	15
Shipbldr., Shipwright	10
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	1
Boat, Barge,--Builder	2
Sailmaker	2
Others	0
(14) In Houses and Buildings	2,268
House Proprietor	86
House Agent	35
Architect	25
Surveyor	22
Builder	96
Carpenter, Joiner	695
Bricklayer	391
Marble Mason	10
Mason, Pavior	106
Slater, Tiler	16
Plasterer	93
Paperhanger	41
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	618
Others	34
(15) In Furniture	442
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	187
Undertaker	26
Chair-maker	95
Picture-frame Maker	10
Carver, Gilder	57
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	19
Furniture Broker	32
Others	16
(16) In Implements	119
Wheelwright	106
Millwright	12
Other Implement Mkrs.	1
(17) In Chemicals	94
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	28
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	7
Dyer, Calenderer	36
Others	23
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	3,110
(1) In Wool and Worsted	82
Woolstapler	8
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	18
Clothier	5
Fuller	1
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	1
Worsted manufacture	2
Stuff manufacture	2
Flannel manufacture	2
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	20
Others	23
(2) In Silk	42
Silk manufacture	18
Silk Dyer, Printer	1
Silk Mercer	9
Ribbon manufacture	3
Others	11
(3) In Cotton and Flax	48
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	12
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	10
Cotton manufacture	2
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	2
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	6
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	1
Others	15
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	354
Packer and Presser	2
Weaver (undefined)	2
Manchester Warehmn.	21
Draper, Mercer	318
Others	11
(5) In Dress	2,433
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	73
Hatter, Hat manuf.	277
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	13
Shawl manufacture	1
Furrier	30
Tailor	406
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	43
Button-maker	5
Hose manufacture	1
Hosier, Haberdasher	55
Glover, Leather, &c.	14
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	1,375
Patten, Clog,--Maker	5
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	21
Others providing Dress	114
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	151
Mat Maker, Seller	10
Rope, Cord,--Maker	41
Canvas Maker, Dealer	0
Sailcloth manufacture	0
Others	100
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	2,056
(1) In Animal Food	687
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	112
Cheesemonger	86
Butcher, Meat Salesman	264
Provision Curer, Dealer	44
Poulterer, Game Dealer	18
Fishmonger	149
Others	14
(2) In Vegetable Food	663
Corn Merchant, Dealer	60
Miller	21
Flour Dealer, Agent	8
Baker	297
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	72
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	154
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	7
Potato Merchant	9
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	21
Sugar Refiner	8
Others	6
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	706
Maltster	6
Brewer, &c.	63
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	69
Distiller, Rectifier	17
Cellarman	37
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	33
Grocer, Tea Dealer	309
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	44
Tobacconist	38
Others	90
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	840
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	129
Soap-boiler	12
Tallow-chandler	38
Comb-maker	20
Others	59
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	474
Fellmonger	10
Skinner	14
Tanner	49
Currier	277
Others	124
(3) In Hair	237
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	10
Brush, Broom,--Maker	219
Others	8
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	841
(1) In Gums and Resins	148
Oil Miller, Refiner	12
Oil and Colourman	56
French-polisher	43
Japanner	19
Others	18
(2) In Wood	458
Timber Merch., Dealer	29
Wood Dealer	33
Sawyer	81
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	22
Turner	67
Box-maker	14
Cooper	136
Hoop Maker, Bender	8
Others	68
(3) In Bark	35
Cork Cutter, manuf.	33
Others Workers in Bark	2
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	34
Basket-maker	22
Hay and Straw Dealer	2
Thatcher	0
Others	10
(5) In Paper	166
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	10
Paper manufacture	7
Stationer (not Law)	105
Paper-stainer	16
Others Workers in Paper	28
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	1,112
(1) In Mining	6
Coal-miner	1
Copper-miner	0
Tin-miner	0
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	5
(2) In Coal	123
Coal Merchant, Dealer	39
Coalheaver, Labourer	7
Coke Burner, Dealer	2
Chimney Sweeper	18
Gas Works Service	50
Other Workers in Coal	7
(3) In Stone, Clay	89
Stone Quarrier	0
Stone Cutter, Polisher	10
Slate Quarrier	0
Limestone Quar., Burner	3
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	10
Railway Labourer	4
Platelayer	5
Excavator, Navvy	7
Road Contractor, &c.	2
Road Labourer	13
Scavenger	1
Dust Collector	5
Others	29
(4) In Earthenware	65
Earthenware manuf.	10
Tobacco-pipe Makers	28
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	25
Others	2
(5) In Glass	43
Glass manufacture	36
Other Workers in Glass	7
(6) In Salt	0
Salt manufacture	0
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	15
Waterworks Service	14
Others	1
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	112
Goldsmith, Jeweller	87
Plater, Plated Wareman	4
Others	21
(9) In Copper	14
Copper manufacture	1
Coppersmith	13
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	75
Tin manufacture	1
Tinman, Tinker	18
Tinplate Worker	54
Others	2
(11) In Zinc	16
Zinc manufacture	16
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	22
Lead manufacture	1
Typefounder	12
Others	9
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	201
Brass Founder, manuf.	79
Brazier	4
Locksmith, Bellhanger	17
Gasfitter	63
Wire Maker, Drawer	5
Wire Worker, Weaver	13
Others	20
(14) In Iron and Steel	331
Iron manufacture	40
Whitesmith	23
Blacksmith	164
Nail manufacture	0
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	0
Boiler-maker	28
Ironmonger	63
Hardwareman, Dealer	5
Steel manufacture	1
Grinder (branch undef.)	0
Others	7
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	884
(1) General Labourers	769
Labourer	769
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	115
Mechanic	12
Shopman	42
Apprentice	4
Others of indef. occu.	57
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	156
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	156
Gentleman	74
Annuitant	82
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	16
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	15
Dependent on Relatives	1
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	0
Pauper, no stated occ.	0
Lunatic, no stated occ.	2
Others	12
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	0
Prisoner, no stated occ.	0
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	1
Vagrant, Beggar	1
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	449
Visitor, no stated occ.	17
Others of no stated occupation or condition	432

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.