Vision of Britain | 1861 Census: Ages

1861 Census of England and Wales, Ages (Sample Report Title: Population Tables. Ages, Civil Condition, Occupations and Birth-places of the People: with the Ages and Occupations of the Blind, of the Deaf-and-dumb, and of the inmates of certain public institutions Part I), Table 17 : " Occupations of Males aged 20 Years and upwards in Districts".

Show Devon RegC table	Plymouth RegD/Inc

OCCUPATIONS	[Males] [1]
Total of Males	16,198
1. Persons engaged in the General or Local Government of the Country	598
(1) Officers of National Government	465
Civ. Serv. not in Rev. Dep.	30
Post Office	25
Inland Revenue	32
Customs	79
Government Messengers, Workmen	6
Dockyard Artificers	293
Other Govt.	0
(2) Officers of Local Government	132
Magistrate	11
Police	73
Prison Officer	7
Union and Parish Officer	20
Officer of Local Board	7
Other Local Officers	14
(3) Officers of East India and Colonial Government	1
E. India and Col. Service	1
2. Persons engaged in the Defence of the Country	2,376
(1) Army	1,171
Army Officer	62
Army Half-pay Officer	28
Soldier	961
Chelsea Pensioner	110
Militia	9
Others	1
(2) Navy	1,205
Navy Officer	80
Navy Half-pay Officer	70
Seaman, R.N.	609
Royal Marine	190
Greenwich Pensioner	240
Others	16
3. Persons engaged in the Learned Professions or engaged in Literature, Art, and Science (with their immediate Subordinates)	574
(1) Clergymen, Ministers, and Church Officers	86
Clergyman	30
Protestant Minister	29
Roman Catholic Priest	2
Other Relig. Teachers	17
Parish Clerk	3
Other Church Officers	5
(2) Lawyers, Law Court Officers, and Law Stationers	95
Barrister	5
Solicitor	52
Law Student	0
Other Lawyers	0
Officers of Law Court	3
Law Clerk	33
Law Stationer	2
(3) Physicians, Surgeons, and Druggists	147
Physician	11
Surgeon, Apothecary	45
Medical Student, Assist.	8
Dentist	12
Druggist	71
Others	0
(4) Authors and Literary Persons	20
Author, Editor, Writer	8
Ors. eng. in Literature	12
(5) Artists	51
Artist, Painter	25
Sculptor	3
Engraver	7
Photographic Artist	16
Ors. Eng. in the Fine Arts	0
(6) Musicians, Teachers of Music	72
Musician	58
Music-master	14
Others	0
(7) Actors, Actresses	32
Actor	16
In Theatres, Exhibitions	16
(8) Teachers	60
Schoolmaster	37
Teacher of Languages	8
Profes. of Mathematics	4
Teacher (General)	8
Teacher of Dancing	1
Other Teachers	2
(9) Scientific Persons	11
Civil Engineer	9
Other Scientific Persons	2
4. Persons engaged in the Domestic Officers or Duties of Wives, Mothers, Mistresses of Families, Children, Relatives (not otherwise returned)	23
(3) Children and Relatives at home (not otherwise described)	9
Son, Grandson, Brother, Neph. (not oth. Des.)	9
(4) Scholars (so described)	14
Scholar (so described)	14
5. Persons engaged in entertaining, and performing Personal Offices for Man	390
(1) In Board and Lodging	266
Innkeeper, Hotelkeeper	76
Publican	100
Beerseller	49
Lodg., Boardg.-house K.	19
Coffee-house Keeper	14
Cook (not Domst. Serv.)	1
Others--Boarding, &c.	7
(2) Attendance (Domestic Servants, &c.)	124
Domst. Serv. (General)	58
Coachman	9
Groom	9
Gardener	6
Inn Servant	38
Hosp. Attent., Nurse, &c.	1
Others	3
6. Persons who buy or sell, keep, or lend Money, Houses or Goods of various Kinds	499
(1) Mercantile Men [Women]	348
Merchant	46
Banker	8
Insur., Ben. Soci. Offr.	15
Stock Broker, &c.	3
Ship Broker, Agent	13
Broker	4
Agent, Factor	25
Coal, Colliery Agent	1
Iron Merchant, Agent	2
Salesman	3
Auctioneer, Apprsr., Val.	9
Accountant	40
Commercial Clerk	100
Commercial Traveller	72
Other Mercantile Men	7
(2) Other General Dealers	151
Pawnbroker	22
Marine-store Dealer	27
Ge. Dlr., Costermonger	38
Shopkeeper	11
Hawker, Pedlar	51
Other General Dealers	2
7. Persons engaged in the Conveyance of Men, Animals, Goods, and Messages	2,148
(1) Carriers on Railways	119
Rail. Engine Driver, &c.	13
Railway Official	31
Railway Servant	64
Railway Police	11
Ors. eng. in	0
(2) Carriers on Roads	285
Toll Collector	3
Coach, Omn., Cab, Ownr.	22
Livery Staple Keeper	5
Coachman (not domstc.)	53
Cabman, Flyman	28
Carm., Carr., Carter, Dray.	168
Others	6
(3) Carriers on Canals and Rivers	94
Canal and River Service	0
Bargeman, Waterman	94
Others	0
(4) Carriers on Seas and Rivers	1,411
Shipowner	21
Seaman (Mercht. Serv.)	1,195
Pilot	23
Boatman on Seas	43
Dock Servant, Labourer	70
Wharfinger	3
Others	56
(5) Engaged in Storage	32
Warehsmn. (not Manch.)	22
Others in Storage	10
(6) Messengers and Porters	207
Messr., Port., Ernd. Boy	203
Telegraph Service	4
Others in Messages	0
8. Persons possessing or working the Land, and engaged in growing Grain, Fruits, Grasses, Animals, and other Products	315
(1) In Fields and Pastures (Agriculturists)	196
Land Proprietor	49
Farmer, Grazier	30
Farmer's "Son", "Brother", "Grandson"	2
Farm Bailiff	0
Agricultural Labourer	110
Shepherd (out-door)	0
Farm Servant (in-door)	0
Land Surv., Estate Agt.	5
Others in Agriculture	0
(2) In Woods (Arboriculturists)	0
Woodman	0
Others in Arboriculture	0
(3) In Gardens (Horticulturists)	119
Gardener	112
Nurseryman	7
Others in Horticulture	0
9. Persons engaged about Animals	660
(1) Persons engaged about Animals	660
Horse Dealer	0
Horsebreaker	2
Horsekpr., Grm., Jockey	66
Farrier, Veterinary Sur.	7
Cattle, Sheep,--Dealer	9
Drover	0
Pig Merchant, Dealer	0
Gamekeeper	0
Vermin Destroyer	0
Fisherman	576
Others about Animals	0
10. Persons engaged in Art and Mechanic Productions, in which Matters of various kinds are employed in combination	2,859
(1) In Books	183
Bookseller, Publisher	43
Bookbinder	31
Printer	99
Newspaper Agent	5
Others in Publications	5
(2) In Musical Instrument	8
Musical Instr. Mak., Dlr.	5
Others	3
(3) In Prints and Pictures	12
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	10
Others	2
(4) In Carving and Figures	8
Wood-carver	4
Others	4
(5) in Tackle for Sport and Games	3
Toy Maker, Dealer	2
Bow, Bat, Tackle,--Mak.	1
(6) In Designs, Medals, and Dies	2
Pattern Designer	1
Others	1
(7) In Watches and Philosophical Instruments	46
Watchmkr., Clockmkr.	43
Optician	1
Weight or Measure Mkr.	2
Others	0
(8) In Surgical Instruments	0
Surgical Instrmt. Maker	0
Others	0
(9) In Arms	6
Gunsmith, Gun Manuf.	4
Others	2
(10) In Machines	69
Eng. and Mach. Maker	52
Spindle-maker	0
Needle manufacture	0
Scissors-maker	0
Tool Maker, Dealer	3
File-maker	0
Saw Smith, Maker	2
Cutler	10
Blade Maker, Forger	0
Knife-maker	0
Razor-maker	0
Others in Tools, Mchns.	2
(11) In Carriages	28
Coachmaker	28
Others	0
(12) In Harness	23
Saddler, Harness-maker	23
Whip-maker	0
(13) In Ships	386
Shipbldr., Shipwright	294
Block, Oar, Mast,--Mak.	16
Boat, Barge,--Builder	3
Sailmaker	54
Others	19
(14) In Houses and Buildings	1,758
House Proprietor	64
House Agent	5
Architect	11
Surveyor	7
Builder	73
Carpenter, Joiner	546
Bricklayer	17
Marble Mason	17
Mason, Pavior	653
Slater, Tiler	0
Plasterer	96
Paperhanger	8
Plumber, Painter, Glazr.	261
Others	0
(15) In Furniture	232
Cabinet Maker, Uphol.	184
Undertaker	0
Chair-maker	10
Picture-frame Maker	0
Carver, Gilder	25
Bedstead, Mattress,--Mak.	3
Furniture Broker	8
Others	2
(16) In Implements	45
Wheelwright	37
Millwright	8
Other Implement Mkrs.	0
(17) In Chemicals	50
Manuf. Chemist, Laborer	8
Dye, Colour,--manuf.	0
Dyer, Calenderer	21
Others	21
11. Persons working and Dealing in the Textile Fabrics and in Dress	1,445
(1) In Wool and Worsted	66
Woolstapler	2
Felt manufacture	0
Woollen Cloth manuf.	49
Clothier	1
Fuller	1
Wool, Woollen,--Dyer	0
Worsted manufacture	11
Stuff manufacture	0
Flannel manufacture	0
Blanket manufacture	0
Carpet, Rug,--manuf.	1
Others	1
(2) In Silk	22
Silk manufacture	5
Silk Dyer, Printer	3
Silk Mercer	13
Ribbon manufacture	0
Others	1
(3) In Cotton and Flax	16
Flax, Linen,--manuf.	11
Thread manufacture	0
Lace manufacture	2
Cotton manufacture	0
Fustian manufacture	0
Muslin manufacture	0
Calico, Cotton,--Printer	0
Calico, Cotton,--Dyer	0
Others	3
(4) In Mixed Materials (1, 2, 3.)	159
Packer and Presser	0
Weaver (undefined)	2
Manchester Warehmn.	3
Draper, Mercer	150
Others	4
(5) In Dress	1,034
Hairdresser, Wig-maker	43
Hatter, Hat manuf.	26
Straw Plait manuf.	0
Straw Hat, Bonnet Mak.	3
Shawl manufacture	0
Furrier	1
Tailor	274
Clothes Dealer, Outfitr.	21
Button-maker	0
Hose manufacture	2
Hosier, Haberdasher	6
Glover, Leather, &c.	2
Shoemaker, Bootmaker	643
Patten, Clog,--Maker	3
Umbrella, Stick,--Mak.	7
Others providing Dress	3
(6) In Hemp and other Fibrous Materials	148
Mat Maker, Seller	5
Rope, Cord,--Maker	117
Canvas Maker, Dealer	16
Sailcloth manufacture	5
Others	5
12. Persons working and dealing in Food and Drinks	1,161
(1) In Animal Food	301
Cowkeeper, Milkseller	80
Cheesemonger	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	160
Provision Curer, Dealer	14
Poulterer, Game Dealer	6
Fishmonger	40
Others	0
(2) In Vegetable Food	508
Corn Merchant, Dealer	29
Miller	50
Flour Dealer, Agent	4
Baker	229
Confectioner, Pastry Ck.	39
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	35
Fruit, Flower,--Vendor	3
Potato Merchant	24
Seed Mercht., Seedsman	10
Sugar Refiner	83
Others	2
(3) In Drinks and Stimulants	352
Maltster	23
Brewer, &c.	55
Wine and Spirit Mercht.	50
Distiller, Rectifier	7
Cellarman	10
Ginger Br., Sod. Wat. Ma.	14
Grocer, Tea Dealer	168
Tobo., Cig., Snuff, manuf.	0
Tobacconist	9
Others	16
13. Persons working and dealing in Animal Substances	166
(1) In Grease, Gut, Bones, Horn, Ivory, and Whalebone	63
Soap-boiler	34
Tallow-chandler	21
Comb-maker	0
Others	8
(2) In Skins, Feathers, and Quills	75
Fellmonger	2
Skinner	1
Tanner	29
Currier	36
Others	7
(3) In Hair	28
Hair, Bristle,--manuf.	0
Brush, Broom,--Maker	28
Others	0
14. Persons working and dealing in Vegetable Substances	414
(1) In Gums and Resins	21
Oil Miller, Refiner	0
Oil and Colourman	2
French-polisher	15
Japanner	0
Others	4
(2) In Wood	282
Timber Merch., Dealer	12
Wood Dealer	8
Sawyer	169
Fence, Hurdle,--Maker	0
Lath-maker	6
Turner	16
Box-maker	1
Cooper	61
Hoop Maker, Bender	0
Others	9
(3) In Bark	14
Cork Cutter, manuf.	14
Others Workers in Bark	0
(4) In Cane, Rush, and Straw	49
Basket-maker	36
Hay and Straw Dealer	9
Thatcher	0
Others	4
(5) In Paper	48
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	12
Paper manufacture	7
Stationer (not Law)	13
Paper-stainer	7
Others Workers in Paper	9
15. Persons working and dealing in Minerals	873
(1) In Mining	43
Coal-miner	3
Copper-miner	6
Tin-miner	1
Lead-miner	0
Iron-miner	0
Others	33
(2) In Coal	123
Coal Merchant, Dealer	33
Coalheaver, Labourer	50
Coke Burner, Dealer	0
Chimney Sweeper	14
Gas Works Service	25
Other Workers in Coal	1
(3) In Stone, Clay	208
Stone Quarrier	11
Stone Cutter, Polisher	29
Slate Quarrier	1
Limestone Quar., Burner	35
Clay Labourer	0
Brick Maker, Dealer	11
Railway Labourer	25
Platelayer	1
Excavator, Navvy	19
Road Contractor, &c.	2
Road Labourer	3
Scavenger	5
Dust Collector	0
Others	66
(4) In Earthenware	55
Earthenware manuf.	35
Tobacco-pipe Makers	5
Earthenw., Glass, Dealer	14
Others	1
(5) In Glass	5
Glass manufacture	4
Other Workers in Glass	1
(6) In Salt	1
Salt manufacture	1
Other Dealers in Salt	0
(7) In Water	4
Waterworks Service	4
Others	0
(8) In Gold, Silver, and Precious Stones	30
Goldsmith, Jeweller	30
Plater, Plated Wareman	0
Others	0
(9) In Copper	2
Copper manufacture	0
Coppersmith	2
Others	0
(10) In Tin and Quicksilver	32
Tin manufacture	1
Tinman, Tinker	19
Tinplate Worker	12
Others	0
(11) In Zinc	1
Zinc manufacture	1
Others	0
(12) In Lead and Antimony	2
Lead manufacture	2
Typefounder	0
Others	0
(13) In Brass and other mixed Metals	30
Brass Founder, manuf.	13
Brazier	0
Locksmith, Bellhanger	3
Gasfitter	9
Wire Maker, Drawer	0
Wire Worker, Weaver	5
Others	0
(14) In Iron and Steel	337
Iron manufacture	52
Whitesmith	14
Blacksmith	210
Nail manufacture	3
Anchor, Chain,--Smith	3
Boiler-maker	11
Ironmonger	40
Hardwareman, Dealer	4
Steel manufacture	0
Grinder (branch undef.)	0
Others	0
16. Labourers and others - Branch of Labour undefined	1,398
(1) General Labourers	1,334
Labourer	1,334
(2) Other Persons of indefinite Occupations	64
Mechanic	0
Shopman	7
Apprentice	2
Others of indef. occu.	55
17. Persons of Rank or Property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	94
(1) Persons of Rank or property, not returned under any Office or Occupation	94
Gentleman	57
Annuitant	37
18. Persons supported by the Community and of no specified Occupation	81
(1) On Income from voluntary Sources and Rates	78
Dependent on Relatives	2
Almserperson, no stat. occ.	0
Pauper, no stated occ.	14
Lunatic, no stated occ.	1
Others	61
(2) Prisoners and others of Criminal Class	3
Prisoner, no stated occ.	3
(3) Vagrants and Gipsies	0
Vagrant, Beggar	0
Gipsy	0
19. Persons of no stated Rank, Profession, or Occupation	126
Visitor, no stated occ.	4
Others of no stated occupation or condition	122

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Comments:

1	Note that the original table is organised into the Orders and sub-Orders listed here, but provides counts only for the individual occupations.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

David Allan Gatley (School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire). Role: transcriber. Restrictions on use: the contributor must be acknowledged but the data may be freely used for non-commercial purposes.