1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Dudley RegD/PLU	Dudley AP/CP

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	88	8
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	23	6
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	10	1
Police	30	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	14	1
Other Local or County Official	11	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	6	-
Army Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	2	-
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	2	-
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	256	172
Clergymen (Established Church)	10	-
Roman Catholic Priest	1	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	9	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	1	3
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	5	1
Barrister, Solicitor	10	-
Law Student	3	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	38	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	13	-
Dentist	2	-
Medical Student, Assistant	13	-
Midwife	-	3
Subordinate Medical Service	3	14
Schoolmaster	72	122
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	-	21
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	-
Author, Editor, Journalist	6	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	2	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	1	-
Civil Engineer	12	-
Mining Engineer	21	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	1	-
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Architect	3	-
Musician, Music Master	18	6
Photographer	4	-
Actor	2	2
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	1	-
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	2	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	84	1,747
Domestic Coachman, Groom	28	-
Domestic Gardener	2	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	29	1,476
Inn, Hotel Servant	20	43
College, Club Service	1	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	3
Cook (not domestic)	-	3
Charwoman	-	84
Washing and Bathing Service	1	132
Hospital and Institution Service	1	6
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	399	8
Merchant	8	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	30	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	12	-
Accountant	10	-
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	1	-
Commercial Traveller	47	2
Commercial Clerk	251	5
Bank Service	11	-
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	3	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	26	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	646	15
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	5	1
Railway Guard	4	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	10	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	102	-
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	2	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	31	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	213	2
Inland Navigation Service	24	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	104	2
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	13	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	31	7
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	106	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	1	2
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	94	9
Farmer, Grazier	10	-
Farm Bailiff	3	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	52	9
Woodman	1	-
Gardener (not domestic)	28	-
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	75	1
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	10	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	51	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	6	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	2	-
Drover	3	-
Knacker, Catsmeat Dealer &c &c.	3	1
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	63	3
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	7	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	2	-
Bookbinder	-	1
Printer	52	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	703	7
Engine, Machine Maker	43	-
Millwright	6	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	120	-
Boiler Maker	172	-
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	55	-
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	254	3
Cutler, Scissors Maker	4	-
File Maker	10	1
Saw Maker	1	-
Pin Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	19	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	1	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	5	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	2	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	4	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	4	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	3
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	631	16
Builder	19	1
Carpenter, Joiner	141	-
Bricklayer	176	-
Mason	13	-
Slater, Tiler	15	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	31	-
Paperhanger	1	-
Plumber	17	-
Painter, Glazier	138	4
Cabinet Maker	29	4
French Polisher	3	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	5	3
Locksmith, Bellhanger	6	-
Gas Fitter	35	1
Artificial Flower Maker	2	3
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	82	2
Coachmaker	21	1
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	6	-
Wheelwright	30	1
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	25	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	19	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	19	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	34	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	1	-
Ink, Blacking, Colour Substance Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	28	1
Manufacturing Chemist	1	-
Drysalter	3	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	12	8
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	7	6
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	5	2
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	769	153
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	136	27
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	6
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	3	4
Maltster	38	-
Brewer	79	1
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	13	4
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	11	-
Milkseller, Dairyman	14	7
Cheesemonger, Butterman	2	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	113	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	6	6
Poulterer, Game Dealer	3	-
Fishmonger	21	7
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	8	-
Corn Miller	9	-
Baker	54	6
Confectioner, Pastrycook	29	12
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	38	13
Sugar Refiner	5	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	173	56
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	10	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	101	66
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	7	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	1	-
Silk Dyer, Printer	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	-	2
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	1	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	7	2
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	4	31
Weaver (undefined)	1	5
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	3	1
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	-	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	1	1
Manchester Warehouseman	1	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	73	18
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	-	3
Embroiderer	-	1
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	408	716
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	9	1
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	1	2
Tailor	112	171
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	3	406
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	-	67
Hosiery Manufacture	1	-
Hosier, Haberdasher	16	12
Glover, Glove Maker	-	2
Button Maker, Dealer	2	-
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	237	47
Patten, Clog Maker	7	-
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	18	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	6
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	43	-
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	4	-
Manure Manufacture	2	-
Furrier, Skinner	3	-
Tanner, Fellmonger	13	-
Currier	20	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	1	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	92	14
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	1	1
Oil and Colourman	2	-
Japanner	3	-
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	7	3
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	4	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	4	-
Sawyer	15	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	4	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	9	4
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	30	-
Paper Manufacture	-	2
Stationer, Law Stationer	6	3
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	3	1
Others	2	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	5,532	1,506
Coal Miner	1,809	15
Ironstone Miner	92	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	16	1
Mine Service	37	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	1	-
Coal Merchant	38	2
Coalheaver	14	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	46	2
Gas Works Service	26	-
Stone Quarrier	171	1
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	5	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	1	-
Limeburner	6	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	10	-
Well Sinker, Borer	15	1
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	27	45
Paviour	1	-
Road Labourer	26	-
Railway Contractor	2	-
Platelayer	18	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	33	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	29	5
Glass Manufacture	158	4
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	8	2
Waterworks Service	3	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	5	1
[Iron Manufacture]	1,218	26
[Steel Manufacture]	6	-
Blacksmith	263	1
Whitesmith	177	-
Nail Manufacture	401	1,178
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	339	176
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	31	-
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	336	30
[Coppersmith]	1	-
[Tin Manufacture]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	23	4
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	4	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	66	3
Metal Burnisher, Lacquerer	7	3
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	1	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	7	1
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	33	4
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	4	-
Clasp, Buckle, Hinge Maker	1	-
Others	16	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,620	191
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	37	42
Pawnbroker	8	21
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	53	81
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	16	1
Contractor (undefined)	9	-
General Labourer	972	15
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	185	1
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	218	6
Apprentice (undefined)	7	3
Factory Labourer (undefined)	107	6
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	8	15
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	18	1
Town Drainage Service	1	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	8	-
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	3	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	6	1
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	133	1,074
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	133	1,074
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	231	6,892
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	12	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	219	6,887

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

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Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

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