Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Middlesex RegC	Hendon RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	330	14
Peer, M.P., Privy Councillor (not otherwise described)	1	-
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	82	10
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	52	2
Police	162	-
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	20	1
Other Local or County Official	11	-
East Indian and Colonial Service	2	1
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	59	9
Army Officer (effective/retired)	20	4
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	6	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	10	-
Army Pensioner	9	3
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	7	-
Seaman, R.N.	4	-
Navy Pensioner	3	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	712	690
Clergymen (Established Church)	40	-
Roman Catholic Priest	3	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	17	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	15	8
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	10
Theological Student	34	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	16	6
Barrister, Solicitor	84	-
Law Student	11	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	70	1
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	38	-
Dentist	13	-
Medical Student, Assistant	23	-
Midwife	-	2
Subordinate Medical Service	3	199
Schoolmaster	129	241
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	26	144
School Service, and others connected with teaching	2	10
Author, Editor, Journalist	18	3
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	5	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	3	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	4	2
Civil Engineer	30	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	14	-
Painter (artist)	21	14
Engraver (artist)	1	-
Sculptor	2	-
Architect	23	-
Musician, Music Master	26	40
Art Student	15	6
Photographer	11	1
Actor	4	1
Art, Music, Theatre Service	2	1
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	4	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	5	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	700	5,264
Domestic Coachman, Groom	143	-
Domestic Gardener	147	-
Domestic Indoor Servant	214	3,651
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	2	1
Inn, Hotel Servant	101	53
College, Club Service	1	-
Office Keeper (not Government)	1	1
Cook (not domestic)	8	3
Charwoman	-	161
Washing and Bathing Service	82	1,363
Hospital and Institution Service	1	31
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	833	35
Merchant	39	-
Broker, Agent, Factor	87	1
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	30	-
Accountant	32	2
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	5	4
Commercial Traveller	63	2
Commercial Clerk	468	24
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	2	1
Banker	1	-
Bank Service	51	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	1	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	54	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,322	14
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	35	-
Railway Guard	22	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	5	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	351	3
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	1	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	45	2
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	299	-
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	314	1
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	8	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	1	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	17	-
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	7	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	24	1
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	186	3
Telegraph, Telephone Service	6	4
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	1,599	26
Farmer, Grazier	112	7
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	35	-
Farm Bailiff	45	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	764	17
Shepherd	16	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	3	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	63	1
Gardener (not domestic)	560	1
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	310	3
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	11	1
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	206	1
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	64	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	12	1
Drover	6	-
Gamekeeper	6	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	4	-
Vermin Destroyer	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	101	11
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	19	4
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	14	1
Bookbinder	5	3
Printer	44	1
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	11	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	6	2
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	194	7
Engine, Machine Maker	53	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	52	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	1	-
Cutler, Scissors Maker	3	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	32	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	8	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	9	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	2	-
Surgical Instrument Maker	3	1
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	4	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	25	-
Die, Seal, Coin, Medal Maker	1	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	1	6
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	2,515	23
Builder	171	2
Carpenter, Joiner	660	1
Bricklayer	564	1
Mason	126	-
Slater, Tiler	10	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	157	-
Paperhanger	26	-
Plumber	144	1
Painter, Glazier	435	1
Cabinet Maker	77	14
French Polisher	13	-
Furniture Broker, Dealer	7	1
Locksmith, Bellhanger	4	-
Gas Fitter	72	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	8	-
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	5	1
Others	2	-
Wood Carver	5	-
Carver, Gilder	23	-
Dealer in Works of Art	5	-
Artificial Flower Maker	1	1
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	168	-
Coachmaker	74	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	9	-
Wheelwright	44	-
Others	2	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	39	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	4	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	2	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	1	-
Sail Maker	1	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	43	2
Dye, Paint Manufacture	2	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	35	-
Manufacturing Chemist	5	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	16	7
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	14	7
Tobacco Pipe, Snuff Box &c. Maker	2	-
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,019	146
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	101	21
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	1	20
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	10	2
Maltster	1	-
Brewer	28	2
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	23	8
Cellarman	10	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	21	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	76	8
Cheesemonger, Butterman	30	1
Butcher, Meat Salesman	168	4
Provision Curer, Dealer	17	6
Poulterer, Game Dealer	13	-
Fishmonger	44	3
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	20	5
Corn Miller	4	-
Baker	170	19
Confectioner, Pastrycook	21	8
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	85	9
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	2	1
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	164	28
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	8	-
Others Dealing in Food	2	-
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	142	87
Woolstapler	1	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	3	-
Flannel Manufacture	1	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	4	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	2	-
Crepe, Gauze Manufacture	1	-
Silk Merchant, Dealer	8	2
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	2	-
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	3	7
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	2	-
Weaver (undefined)	-	1
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	10	1
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	2	-
Manchester Warehouseman	2	-
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	98	61
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	6
Trimming Maker, Dealer	-	3
Embroiderer	-	6
Others	1	-
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	387	828
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	4	-
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	2	10
Tailor	120	22
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	7	682
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	2	87
Hosier, Haberdasher	8	1
Glover, Glove Maker	-	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	204	16
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	31	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	7	2
Accoutrement Maker	1	-
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	1	5
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	31	6
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	5	2
Soap Boiler, Maker	3	-
Others	1	2
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	5	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	8	-
Hair, Bristle - Worker, Dealer	2	1
Brush, Broom, Maker	3	-
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	3	1
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	132	15
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	4	-
Oil and Colourman	21	-
Japanner	1	-
Others	1	-
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	6	5
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	14	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	14	1
Sawyer	15	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	1	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	7	-
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	8	1
Cork, Bark - Cutter, Worker, Dealer	1	-
Others	3	-
Paper Manufacture	3	-
Envelope Maker	-	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	28	7
Paper Stainer	3	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	1	-
Others	1	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	941	11
Coal Miner	1	-
Ironstone Miner	1	-
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	2	-
Mine Service	3	-
Coal Merchant	40	2
Coalheaver	52	-
Gas Works Service	44	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	9	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	5	-
Well Sinker, Borer	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	61	-
Paviour	4	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	2	-
Road Labourer	12	-
Railway Contractor	40	-
Platelayer	97	-
Railway Labourer, Navvy	134	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	6	2
Glass Manufacture	13	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	16	2
Waterworks Service	6	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	38	1
Lapidary	1	-
Others	3	1
[Iron Manufacture]	101	1
Blacksmith	129	1
Whitesmith	23	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	32	1
[Coppersmith]	1	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	12	-
Zinc, Zinc Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	11	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	2	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	6	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	20	-
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	2	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	2	-
Bolt, Nut, Rivet, Screw, Staple Maker	1	-
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	8	-
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,545	110
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	66	42
Pawnbroker	13	1
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	36	13
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	17	6
Contractor (undefined)	7	-
General Labourer	1,282	9
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	51	-
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	47	20
Apprentice (undefined)	6	1
Factory Labourer (undefined)	15	-
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	5	18
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	35	2
Town Drainage Service	2	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	28	2
Scavenger, Crossing Sweeper	4	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	802	2,144
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	802	2,144
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	353	7,355
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	7	2
[Blank field, or illegible]	346	7,353

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)