Vision of Britain | 1881 Census: Ages

1881 Census of England and Wales, Tables: Ages, Condition as to Marriage, Occupations and Birthplaces of people, Table 10 : " Occupations of Males and Females in the Division and its Registration Counties".

List Lancashire RegC	Barton upon Irwell RegD/PLU

OCCUPATIONS.	Males. [1]	Females. [2]
1. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE GENERAL OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE COUNTRY.	183	37
Civil Service (officers and clerks)	29	24
Civil Service (messengers, &c.)	32	7
Prison Service, &c.	1	-
Police	69	1
Municipal, Parish, Union, District, Officer	43	5
Other Local or County Official	9	-
2. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DEFENCE OF THE COUNTRY.	40	4
Army Officer (effective/retired)	10	1
Soldier and Non-commissioned officer	10	1
Militia, Yeomanry, Volunteers	1	-
Army Pensioner	18	1
Navy Officer (effective/retired)	1	-
Navy Pensioner	-	1
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OCCUPATIONS (WITH THEIR IMMEDIATE SUBORDINATES).	698	567
Clergymen (Established Church)	32	-
Roman Catholic Priest	4	-
Minister, Priest of other religious bodies	27	-
Missionary, Scripture Reader, Itinerant preacher	5	1
Nun, Sister of Charity	-	1
Theological Student	3	-
Church, chapel, cemetery - officer, servant	22	2
Barrister, Solicitor	44	-
Law Student	8	-
Law Clerk, and others connected with the law	84	-
Physician, Surgeon, General Practitioner	30	-
Dentist	11	-
Medical Student, Assistant	27	-
Midwife	-	5
Subordinate Medical Service	5	125
Schoolmaster	111	293
Teacher, Professor, Lecturer	12	90
School Service, and others connected with teaching	9	7
Author, Editor, Journalist	13	-
Reporter, Short-hand Writer	6	-
Persons engaged in Scientific Pursuits	8	-
Literary, Scientific, Institution, Service, &c.	2	-
Civil Engineer	37	-
Mining Engineer	12	-
Land, House, Ship, Surveyor	36	-
Painter (artist)	16	4
Engraver (artist)	10	-
Architect	43	-
Musician, Music Master	32	27
Art Student	14	5
Photographer	13	4
Actor	2	2
Art, Music, Theatre Service	3	-
Performer, Showman, Exhibition, Service	7	1
Billiard, Cricket & other Games, Service	10	-
4. PERSONS ENGAGED IN DOMESTIC OFFICES OR SERVICES.	482	4,291
Domestic Coachman, Groom	124	-
Domestic Gardener	233	4
Domestic Indoor Servant	59	3,786
Lodge, Gate, Park Keeper (not Government)	5	3
Inn, Hotel Servant	38	52
College, Club Service	6	2
Office Keeper (not Government)	2	2
Cook (not domestic)	4	3
Charwoman	-	170
Washing and Bathing Service	4	254
Hospital and Institution Service	7	15
5. PERSONS ENGAGED IN COMMERCIAL OCCUPATIONS.	2,140	37
Merchant	90	2
Broker, Agent, Factor	224	2
Auctioneer, Appraiser, Valuer, House Agent	48	-
Accountant	57	1
Salesman, Buyer (not otherwise specified)	94	13
Commercial Traveller	267	1
Commercial Clerk	1,160	17
Officer of Commercial Company, Guild, Society &c.	3	-
Bank Service	85	1
Bill Discounter, Bill Broker, Finance Agent	3	-
Life, House, Ship &c., Insurance Service	109	-
6. PERSONS ENGAGED IN CONVEYANCE OF MEN, GOODS, AND MESSAGES.	1,404	20
Railway Engine Driver, Stoker	43	1
Railway Guard	8	-
Pointsman, Level Crossing Man	25	-
Other Railway Officials and Servants	279	2
Toll Collector, Turnpike Gate Keeper	1	-
Omnibus, Coach, Cab, Owner - Livery Stable Keeper	7	-
Cabman, Flyman, Coachman (not domestic)	86	2
Carman, Carrier, Carter, Haulier	387	1
Tramway Companies' Service	14	-
Inland Navigation Service	23	-
Bargeman, Lighterman, Waterman	105	-
Navigation Service (on shore)	7	-
Seaman (Merchant Service)	13	-
Ship Steward, Cook	-	1
Harbour, Dock, Wharf, Lighthouse Service	2	-
Warehouseman (not Manchester)	236	4
Meter, Weigher	1	-
Messenger, Porter, Watchman (not Railway or Government)	161	1
Telegraph, Telephone Service	6	8
7. PERSONS ENGAGED IN AGRICULTURE.	1,433	70
Farmer, Grazier	206	22
Farmer's, Grazier's - Son, Grandson, Brother, Nephew	106	1
Farm Bailiff	23	-
Agricultural Labourer, Farm Servant, Cottager	885	44
Shepherd	1	-
Land Drainage Service (not in towns)	1	-
Others engaged in, or connected with agriculture	1	-
Woodman	1	-
Nurseryman, Seedsman, Florist	15	-
Gardener (not domestic)	194	3
8. PERSONS ENGAGED ABOUT ANIMALS.	108	-
Horse Proprietor, Breeder, Dealer	3	-
Groom, Horse-keeper, Horse-breaker	71	-
Veterinary Surgeon, Farrier	12	-
Cattle, Sheep, Pig - Dealer, Salesman	8	-
Gamekeeper	13	-
Dog, Bird, Animal - Keeper, Dealer	1	-
9. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN BOOKS, PRINTS, AND MAPS.	202	14
Publisher, Bookseller, Librarian	31	1
Music-Publisher, Seller, Printer	4	2
Bookbinder	10	8
Printer	106	2
Newspaper Agent, News Room Keeper	12	-
Lithographer, Lithographic Printer	36	1
Copper Plate and Steel Plate Printer	1	-
Map and Print - Colourer, Seller	2	-
10. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS.	479	13
Engine, Machine Maker	138	3
Millwright	18	-
Fitter, Turner (Engine and Machine)	119	-
Boiler Maker	32	-
Spinning and Weaving Machine Maker	80	8
Agricultural Machine and Implement Maker	2	1
Domestic Machinery - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Tool Maker, Dealer	2	-
File Maker	2	-
Saw Maker	1	-
Watch Maker, Clock Maker	33	-
Philosophical Instrument Maker	2	-
Electrical Apparatus Maker	8	-
Weighing and Measuring Apparatus Maker	4	-
Gunsmith, Gun Manufacturer	2	-
Musical Instrument Maker, Dealer	34	-
Toy Maker, Dealer	-	1
Apparatus for other games, Maker, Dealer	1	-
11. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN HOUSES, FURNITURE, AND DECORATIONS.	1,626	27
Builder	46	-
Carpenter, Joiner	558	1
Bricklayer	247	-
Mason	144	-
Slater, Tiler	31	-
Plasterer, Whitewasher	62	-
Paperhanger	2	-
Plumber	150	-
Painter, Glazier	213	4
Cabinet Maker	100	15
French Polisher	5	1
Furniture Broker, Dealer	18	3
Gas Fitter	11	-
House and Shop Fittings - Maker, Dealer	5	1
Funeral Furniture Maker, Undertaker	4	-
Wood Carver	4	-
Carver, Gilder	19	1
Dealer in Works of Art	7	1
12. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CARRIAGES AND HARNESS.	129	-
Coachmaker	15	-
Railway Carriage, Railway Wagon, Maker	3	-
Wheelwright	84	-
Bicycle, Tricycle - Maker, Dealer	1	-
Others	4	-
Saddler, Harness, Whip Maker	22	-
13. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN SHIPS AND BOATS.	31	-
Ship, Boat, Barge Builder	20	-
Shipwright, Ship Carpenter (ashore)	8	-
Ship Rigger, Chandler, Fitter	1	-
Sail Maker	2	-
14. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN CHEMICALS AND COMPOUNDS.	120	3
Dye, Paint Manufacture	5	-
Fusee, Fireworks, Explosive Article Manufacture	1	-
Chemist, Druggist	71	1
Manufacturing Chemist	24	-
Alkali Manufacture	1	-
Drysalter	18	2
15. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TOBACCO AND PIPES.	10	6
Tobacco Manufacture, Tobacconist	10	6
16. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN FOOD AND LODGING.	1,022	238
Innkeeper, Hotel Keeper, Publican	65	20
Lodging, Boarding House Keeper	-	23
Coffee, Eating House, Keeper	6	5
Hop - Merchant, Dealer	1	-
Maltster	2	-
Brewer	26	-
Beerseller, Ale, Porter, Cider Dealer	40	8
Cellarman	4	-
Wine, Spirit - Merchant, Agent	23	1
Milkseller, Dairyman	50	7
Cheesemonger, Butterman	7	-
Butcher, Meat Salesman	191	12
Provision Curer, Dealer	56	27
Poulterer, Game Dealer	2	2
Fishmonger	15	2
Corn, Flour, Seed Merchant, Dealer	25	-
Corn Miller	24	-
Baker	95	3
Confectioner, Pastrycook	19	43
Greengrocer, Fruiterer	72	22
Mustard, Vinegar, Spice, Pickle Maker, Dealer	2	3
Sugar Refiner	1	-
Grocer. Tea, Coffee, Chocolate Maker, Dealer	275	59
Ginger Beer, Mineral Water Manufacturer, Dealer	21	1
17. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN TEXTILE FABRICS.	2,176	4,653
Woolstapler	2	-
Woollen Cloth Manufacture	10	1
Wool, Woollen goods - Dyer, Printer	1	-
Worsted, Stuff, Manufacture	4	2
Flannel Manufacture	4	-
Cloth, Worsted, Stuff, Flannel, Blanket Dealer	24	-
Silk, Silk Goods, Manufacture	131	400
Silk Dyer, Printer	3	-
Ribbon Manufacture	-	2
Silk Merchant, Dealer	23	-
Cotton, Cotton Goods Manufacture	1,018	3,517
Cotton, Calico - Printer, Dyer, Bleacher	177	72
Cotton, Calico - Warehouseman, Dealer	202	2
Flax, Linen - Manufacturer, Dealer	13	11
Lace Manufacturer, Dealer	11	4
Fustian Manufacturer, Dealer	183	291
Tape Manufacturer, Dealer	1	6
Thread Manufacturer, Dealer	20	88
[Others]	1	1
Rope, Twine, Cord - Maker, Dealer	8	1
Mat Maker, Seller	7	-
Sacking, Sack, Bag - Maker, Dealer	-	2
Weaver (undefined)	4	8
Dyer, Printer, Scourer, Bleacher, Calenderer (undefined)	46	2
Factory Hand (textile, undefined)	53	91
Carpet, Rug Manufacture	4	3
Manchester Warehouseman	79	1
Draper, Linen Draper, Mercer	127	109
Fancy Goods (Textile) Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	7	20
Trimming Maker, Dealer	2	9
Embroiderer	1	5
Others	10	5
18. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN DRESS.	416	992
Hatter, Hat Manufacture	16	4
Straw - Hat, Bonnet, Plait Manufacture	-	1
Tailor	134	27
Milliner, Dressmaker, Staymaker	14	806
Shawl Manufacture	2	-
Shirt Maker, Seamstress	12	129
Hosiery Manufacture	1	3
Hosier, Haberdasher	9	2
Glover, Glove Maker	-	1
Button Maker, Dealer	-	2
Shoe, Boot - Maker, Dealer	135	11
Patten, Clog Maker	64	2
Wig Maker, Hair Dresser	24	1
Umbrella, Parasol, Stick - Maker, Dealer	5	1
Accoutrement Maker	-	1
Old Clothes Dealer, and others	-	1
19. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS ANIMAL SUBSTANCES.	37	6
Tallow Chandler, Candle, Grease Manufacture	7	-
Soap Boiler, Maker	3	-
Glue, Size, Gelatine, Isinglass - Maker, Dealer	-	1
Bone, Horn, Ivory, Tortoise-shell - Worker, Dealer	2	-
Comb Maker	1	-
Furrier, Skinner	3	1
Tanner, Fellmonger	1	-
Currier	9	-
Leather Goods, Portmanteau, Bag, Strap &c., Maker, Dealer	3	-
Brush, Broom, Maker	6	4
Quill, Feather - Dresser, Dealer	2	-
20. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS VEGETABLE SUBSTANCES.	271	62
Oil Miller, Oil Cake - Maker, Dealer	7	-
Oil and Colourman	1	-
Floor Cloth, Oil Cloth Manufacture	3	-
India Rubber, Gutta Percha - Worker, Dealer	11	2
Waterproof Goods - Maker, Dealer	2	1
Willow, Cane, Rush Worker, Dealer, Basketmaker	61	5
Hay, Straw (not plait), Chaff, Cutter, Dealer	10	-
Timber, Wood - Merchant, Dealer	37	1
Sawyer	30	-
Lath, Wooden Fence, Hurdle Maker	2	-
Wood Turner, Box Maker	9	1
Cooper, Hoop Maker, Bender	9	-
Others	4	-
Paper Manufacture	23	2
Envelope Maker	-	1
Stationer, Law Stationer	26	18
Card, Pattern Card Maker	26	1
Paper Stainer	1	-
Paper Box, Paper Bag Maker	2	30
Ticket, Label Writer	1	-
Others	6	-
21. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN VARIOUS MINERAL SUBSTANCES.	3,979	36
Coal Miner	2,727	9
Miner, in other or undefined Minerals	9	-
Mine Service	13	-
[Haulier] [not in Census Report but in codebook]	2	-
Coal Merchant	78	4
Coalheaver	43	1
Coke, Charcoal, Peat - Cutter, Burner, Dealer	6	-
Gas Works Service	32	-
Stone Quarrier	2	-
Stone Cutter, Dresser, Dealer	3	-
Slate Quarrier	1	-
Slate Worker, Dealer	4	-
Clay, Sand, Gravel, Chalk, Labourer, Dealer	5	-
Well Sinker, Borer	4	-
Plaster, Cement Manufacture	1	-
Brick, Tile - Maker, Burner, Dealer	105	-
Paviour	43	-
Road Contractor, Surveyor, Inspector	3	-
Road Labourer	29	-
Railway Contractor	6	-
Platelayer	73	1
Railway Labourer, Navvy	117	-
Others	4	-
Earthenware, China, Porcelain, Manufacture	4	-
Glass Manufacture	14	-
Earthenware, China, Glass Dealer	11	6
Salt Maker, Dealer	2	-
Waterworks Service	1	-
Goldsmith, Silversmith, Jeweller	16	2
Gold, Silver, Beater	1	-
Lapidary	1	1
Others	1	-
[Iron Manufacture]	232	1
[Steel Manufacture]	1	-
Blacksmith	218	1
Whitesmith	9	-
Nail Manufacture	2	-
Anchor, Chain Manufacture	3	-
Ironmonger. Hardware Dealer, Merchant	37	6
Other Iron and Steel Manufacture	3	-
[Coppersmith]	7	-
Tin, Tin Plate, Tin Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	22	-
Lead, Leaden Goods - Manufacturer, Worker, Dealer	3	-
Metal Refiner, Worker, Turner, Dealer	14	-
Brass, Bronze Manufacture. Brazier	31	2
White Metal, Plated Ware, Manufacture. Pewterer	2	-
Wire Maker, Worker, Weaver, Drawer	5	1
Lamp, Lantern, Candlestick Maker	2	-
Others	27	1
22. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN GENERAL OR UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES.	1,415	129
General Shopkeeper, Dealer	45	54
Pawnbroker	30	5
Costermonger, Huckster, Street Seller	18	9
Manufacturer, Manager, Superintendant (undefined)	34	1
Contractor (undefined)	14	1
General Labourer	868	2
Engine Driver, Stoker, Fireman (not railway, marine or agricultural)	186	3
Artizan, Mechanic (undefined)	113	19
Apprentice (undefined)	20	2
Factory Labourer (undefined)	84	8
Machinist, Machine Worker (undefined)	3	25
23. PERSONS WORKING AND DEALING IN REFUSE MATTERS.	15	-
Town Drainage Service	6	-
Chimney Sweep, Soot Merchant	8	-
Rag Gatherer, Dealer	1	-
24. PERSONS WITHOUT SPECIFIED OCCUPATIONS.	372	4,202
Persons returned by Property, Rank &c. and not special occupation	372	4,202
[UNKNOWN OCCUPATION]	101	7,489
[Occupation recorded but of unknown meaning]	20	5
[Blank field, or illegible]	81	7,484

Notes:

The following notes to the table appeared in the original report.

1	This table is a very special case: The original Table 10 as published by Division in the 1881 census reports was limited to data for Registration Divisions, their component Registration Counties, and just those Urban Sanitary Districts with populations of over 50,000. Data presented here for counties and higher-level units are taken from the published reports, as usual, but we also include in A Vision of Britain through Time data for Registration Districts, sub-Districts and Civil Parishes which never appeared in the original reports. These were specially created for us by the History Data Service at the University of Essex and derive from the complete transcription of the individual-level Enumerators Book data coordinated by the Genealogical Society of Utah.
2	In creating these data, each occupation listed in the enumerators books has been assigned as far as possible to the relevant category used in the published reports, but some additional categories with labels in square brackets unavoidably appear. Unlike the published statistics for higher-level units, these specially-calculated data for districts and parishes include persons under 15 or over 65. For these and other reasons, no attempt has been made to ensure that county totals for the districts or parishes match the published county totals. The remaining notes are those that appeared below the original published table.
3	NOTE.--Persons returned as engaged in more than one occupation have been referred to the one that appeared to be of most importance; or if there was no difference in this respect, to the one first given by the person in his or her return. In some cases special rules have been followed: e.g. "Clergyman and Schoolmaster" in combination has always been referred to "Schoolmaster"; a Member of Parliament or Peer engaged in any branch of commerce or industry has always been referred to this latter, not to "Peer, M.P.".
4	The numbers returned under any heading include Labourers, Apprentices, and Assistants, as well as Masters, but not Clerks, Messengers, Errand boys, Porters, or Watchmen, for which occupations there are special headings. Civil, Military, and Naval Clerks, Law, Bank, Insurance, and Railway Clerks, and Government and Railway Porters, are, however, exceptions to this rule. Many young persons, being Apprentices or Assistants, have therefore been referred to occupations usually followed by adults. Women also, chiefly widows or orphans carrying on the business of their deceased husbands or fathers, will sometimes be found under occupations commonly followed by men only.
5	Persons returned as retired from any business have not been referred to that business. Inmates of workhouses have been referred to their trades, unless their age or infirmities showed that they were past work. But persons who might be supposed to be only temporarily separated from their usual employment, such as Prisoners, and Patients in General Hospitals, have been classed under their usual occupations.
6	In some cases, for convenience of space, the male designation, e.g. "Schoolmaster", alone is given, instead of "Schoolmaster, Schoolmistress".

Click on the triangles for all about a particular number.

This website does not try to provide an exact replica of the original printed census tables, which often had thousands of rows and far more columns than will fit on our web pages. Instead, we let you drill down from national totals to the most detailed data available. The column headings are those that appeared in the original printed report. The numbers presented here, which are the same ones we use to create statistical maps and graphs, come from the census table and have usually been carefully checked.

The system can only hold statistics for units listed in our administrative gazetteer, so some rows from the original table may be missing. Sometimes big low-level units, like urban parishes, were divided between more than one higher-level units, like Registration sub-Districts. This is why some pages will give a higher figure for a lower-level unit: it covers the whole of the lower-level unit, not just the part within the current higher-level unit.

Acknowledgments:

We are grateful to the following contributors. If you make use of the data in your own work, please follow any instructions given here on acknowledgment and re-use.

(1) Kevin Schurer (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)

(2) Matthew Woollard (UK Data Service, University of Essex). Role: editor. Restrictions on use: the data cannot be accessed, although the Vision of Britain system may present them graphically (any other use requires the contributor's permission.)